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本文研究了渠道糙率率定误差与水力测量误差的函数关系。根据水力学原理,提出了计算渠道糙率率定误差的公式,然后计算分析了南水北调中线京石段应急供水工程实测流量、水深误差产生的渠道糙率率定的误差.得到重要结论:(1)微小的水力测量误差可能产生较大的渠道糙率率定误差,现有南水北调中线典型渠道原型观测糙率误差可达11%;(2)糙率的流量误差分量相对值与流量测量误差基本相同;(3)糙率的进出口水深误差分量绝对值非常接近,两者绝对值大小不仅与水深测量误差成正比,而且与渠道长度有关,当渠道过短时,糙率的水深误差分量将成倍增加。
This paper studies the relationship between the error of channel roughness and the error of hydraulic measurement. According to the principle of hydraulics, a formula to calculate the roughness error of channel coefficient is put forward, then the error of the roughness rate of the channel produced by the measured flow rate and water depth error of Jingshu emergency water supply project in the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project is calculated and obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The small error of hydraulic measurement may lead to a large channel roughness error, and the error of roughness of prototype can reach 11% in the typical middle channel of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. (2) The relative error of flow error of roughness is basically the same as that of flow measurement ; (3) the absolute value of the roughness error of the water depth error is very close to the absolute value of both the water depth measurement error is not only proportional to, but also with the channel length, when the channel is too short, the roughness of the water depth error component will be Double increase.