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为了研究大豆杂交种杂种优势大小及其稳定性,进一步探讨杂交大豆选育方法,通过对2006—2010年异地鉴定试验初次测产及二次测产结果进行分析。结果表明,大豆杂交种同常规对照品种比较,具有较强的杂种优势,增产效果显著。大豆杂交种各产量性状间差异明显,这是由杂交种的遗传基础决定的,与杂交种的亲本的遗传基础及配合力有关。杂交种产量优势主要来自于三粒荚数、四粒荚数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株产量、分枝数等产量性状,为杂交大豆新品种选育提供了依据。同时指出了大豆杂交种异地鉴定中存在的问题及解决方法。
In order to study the heterosis size and stability of soybean hybrids, we further explored the breeding methods of hybrid soybean, and analyzed the results of the first test and the second test in different places in 2006-2010. The results showed that compared with the conventional varieties, soybean hybrids had strong heterosis and significant yield increase. Differences among the yield traits of soybean hybrids are obvious, which is determined by the genetic basis of hybrids, which is related to the genetic basis and combining ability of hybrid parents. Yield advantage of hybrids mainly comes from yield traits such as three pods, four pods, pods per plant, grains per plant, single plant yield, branch number and so on, which provides the basis for the breeding of new hybrid soybean varieties. At the same time pointed out that the identification of soybean hybrids in the field of problems and solutions.