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铝是分布最广的一种金属。我们地球的外表有厚达几百公里的岩层,地球的表面也堆积有大量的粘土,这些岩石和粘土都合有大量的铝。人们对这些岩石、粘土的使用早在远古时候就开始了;可是,人类对藏在岩石、粘土中的金属元素铝的应用还只是近百年的事。而且只是上世纪80年代人们用电解法来提炼铝获得成功后,这才使铝冶金向前跨进了一步,铝才能大量制取。铝是一种比较活泼的金属元素,它的这种脾性,叫人可喜也叫人讨厌。它与氧非常容易结合,形成极稳定的氧化物:把一块银白色的铝放置在空气中,你将会发现铝块上出现一层非常致密的氧化薄膜层,使铝的银白色光泽暗然失色。这层氧化薄膜的出现,有效的防护了铝不再继续受外界的“侵犯”,增加了铝的抵抗力,起了“抗生素”作用。可是,正是由于铝在化学上比较活泼,使它在自然界中都以难分离的、稳定性的化合物状态存在
Aluminum is the most widely distributed metal. The surface of our earth has rock formations of several hundred kilometers in thickness, and the surface of the earth is also accumulating a large amount of clay. These rocks and clays contain a large amount of aluminum. The use of these rocks and clays began as early as in ancient times; however, the application of humans to the metal, the metal element hidden in rocks and clays, was only a hundred years ago. And it was only in the 1980s that people had succeeded in extracting aluminum by electrolysis. This led to a step forward in aluminum metallurgy and aluminum could be produced in large quantities. Aluminum is a relatively lively metal element. Its spleen is pleasant and unpleasant. It is very easy to combine with oxygen to form a very stable oxide: put a piece of silver-white aluminum in the air, you will find a very dense layer of oxide film on the aluminum block, so that the silver white luster of aluminum is dark . The emergence of this layer of oxide film, effective protection of aluminum is no longer subject to external “invasion”, increased the resistance of aluminum, played an “antibiotic” role. However, it is because of the chemical reactivity of aluminum that makes it exist in the natural world in the form of difficult-to-separate, stable compounds.