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集体所有制企业作为一种经济形态在上海港港口经济中存在10多年了,它是在特定的历史条件下产生的。1979年,在“文革”动乱结束后,通过落实政策,大批上山下乡的知青返城,为了安置他们就业,上海港义不容辞地承担了这一社会责任,陆续组建了40余家集体企业,安置了近2000名知识青年和待业青年就业,从而促进了港口和社会的稳定。 10多年过去了,尽管上海港的集体企业为港口的经济建设做出了一定的贡献,但是,由于港口的集体企业基本上是依附于装卸公司的劳务型企业,随着职工年龄的老化,经营业务受到市场竞争的激烈冲击,其发展阻力重重。为此,一种颇具代表性的看法是,既然港口组建集体企业是为了安置待业人员而承担的社会责任,那么随着集体职工逐步退休,集体经济的历史任务业已完成,应自生自息,逐步消亡。在这种情况下,港口的集体经济何去何从?有关方面的领导应该如何正确对待港口集体经济?这些问题涉及到港口集体经济的发展方向和前途,必须予以明确。 一、港口集体经济的地位不容忽视 要正确对待港口集体经济,首先必须对港口集体经济的地位有正确的认识。 党和国家对集体所有制经济一直采取支持、鼓励和发展的方针。在国家宪法、党代会的报告和有关的政策法规中都明确规定集体经济是社会主义公有制经济?
As a form of economy, the collective-owned enterprises have existed in the port economy of Shanghai Port for more than 10 years and have been produced under certain historical conditions. In 1979, after the turmoil of the “Cultural Revolution” was over, a large number of the educated youth who went to the countryside went back to cities by implementing the policies. In order to place them for employment, Shanghai Port fully shouldered this social responsibility and set up more than 40 collective enterprises to settle Nearly 2,000 knowledgeable youth and unemployed young people have been employed, thus promoting the stability of ports and society. More than 10 years have passed. Although the collective enterprises in Shanghai Port make a certain contribution to the economic construction of the port, since the collective enterprises in the port basically depend on the service-oriented enterprises that handle the loading and unloading companies, as the age of the workers ages, The business has been hit hard by market competition and its development has suffered a lot. To this end, a rather representative view is that since the formation of collective enterprises in port is a social responsibility undertaken to resettles unemployed persons, as the collective workers gradually retire and the historical tasks of the collective economy have been completed, they should be self-reliant and gradually Disappear. Under such circumstances, what should the port’s collective economy go from and how should the leaders of the ports properly handle the port’s collective economy? These issues must be clarified when it comes to the direction and future of the port’s collective economy. First, the status of the port’s collective economy can not be ignored To correctly treat the port’s collective economy, we must first have a correct understanding of the status of the port’s collective economy. The party and state have always adopted the principle of support, encouragement and development for the economy of collective ownership. In the national constitution, the report of the Party Congress and the relevant policies and regulations, it is clearly stipulated that the collective economy is a socialist public-owned economy.