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为了提高小麦×玉米的单倍体胚诱导频率,以玉米品种“白甜糯”和4个小麦品系为材料,研究了小麦不同穗位、不同发育进度的小花对小麦×玉米单倍体胚诱导频率的影响。结果表明,授粉时小麦小花的发育进度对颖果结实率和单倍体胚诱导率有明显影响,单倍体胚诱导率以处于盛花期的小花最高(平均为22.3％),初花期次之(16.4％),始花期最低(11.3％);在同一个穗子中,中、上部,小花的单倍体胚诱导率(24.2％、26.8％)显著高于下部小花(18.5％),说明在小花柱头发育较成熟时授粉,有利于提高单倍体胚诱导率。研究结果还表明,主穗小花的单倍体胚诱导率与次生分蘖穗间差异不显著。
In order to improve the frequency of haploid embryo induction in wheat × maize, maize variety “Baitiannuo” and 4 wheat lines were used to study the effects of wheat with different ear positions and different developmental stages on wheat × maize haploid Embryo induction frequency. The results showed that the development of floret at the time of pollination had a significant effect on the seed setting rate and the induction rate of haploid embryos. The haploid embryo induction rate was the highest (22.3%) at full flowering stage, followed by the first flowering stage (16.4%) and lowest flowering stage (11.3%). The haploid embryo induction rate (24.2%, 26.8%) in middle, upper and florets was significantly higher than that in lower part flowers (18.5%) in the same ear, Floret stigma development more pollination, help to improve haploid embryo induction rate. The results also showed that there was no significant difference between the induction rate of haploid embryos and the secondary tillering tips of the main spikelets.