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投资长期是中国大陆经济发展战略和资源配置的集中体现。本文从比较长时期发展的宏观层面上考察投资的决定因素,从三个方面剖析政府与市场在中国大陆投资中的作用:政府与市场对投资的直接作用变迁;政府与市场对投资的间接作用变迁;政府与市场对不同领域投资的作用力度。中国大陆投资的历史表明,政府与市场或政治与经济对于固定资产投资的作用不是互相分离的,也不是相互对立的。改革开放以来,我国的市场经济是在各种超经济的政治和社会力量干预下,特别是政治权力的积极介入,才创造出来的。我国始终实施的是政府主导投资的方针,相对于不同的投资主体和投资对象,在投资中,政府的主导作用和市场的诱导作用比重大小不同。中国的进一步发展依然有赖于发挥市场和政权两个积极性。
Long-term investment is a concentrated expression of China’s economic development strategy and resource allocation. This article examines the determinants of investment from the macro level of relatively long period of development and analyzes the role of government and market in investment in China from three aspects: the direct role of government and market in investment; the indirect effect of government and market on investment Change; the role of government and market in different areas of investment. The history of investment in mainland China shows that the roles of government and market or politics and economy in investment in fixed assets are not mutually isolated nor mutually antagonistic. Since the reform and opening up, China’s market economy was created under the intervention of various super-economic political and social forces, especially the active intervention of political power. China has always been implementing the principle of government-led investment. Compared with different investment subjects and investment targets, the dominant role of government and the market-induced role in investment are different in proportion. The further development of China still depends on the two motives of giving full play to the market and the political power.