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二十年来,在白血病的诊断和治疗方面取得了很大的进展。本文就与临床实践有密切关系的问题,略述如下。一、诊断1.急性白血病的病型分类:1976年,法、美和英国的血液学者共同商定提出FAB分类。该分类法把病型鉴别的重点放在骨髓及周围血膜普通染色标本的细胞形态学上,而细胞化学染色及血清溶酶活性只作参考。2.FAB分类的意义:FAB分类的各型和临床之间有密切联系。例如L_1型常见于小儿,L_2型多见于成人,且约四分之一的病人有T细胞标记物,但其中大多数病人则查不出T和B细胞的任何标记物。L_3型白血病细胞几乎都有B细胞标记物。至于M_3几乎必然发生DIC,其他型则很少合并凝血机制异常。
For two decades, great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia. This article on the clinical practice are closely related to the problem, as outlined below. First, the diagnosis 1. Acute leukemia disease type classification: In 1976, France, the United States and the British hematologist agreed to propose FAB classification. The classification of the type of disease focused on bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in the normal staining of the cell morphology, and cytochemical staining and serum lysozyme only for reference. 2. FAB classification significance: FAB classification of various types and clinical are closely linked. For example, type L_1 is common in children, type L_2 is more common in adults, and about one quarter of patients have T-cell markers, but most of them do not detect any markers for T and B cells. Almost all L 3 leukemia cells have B cell markers. As M_3 almost certainly occurs DIC, other types rarely combined coagulation abnormalities.