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本文认为宋应星的科学思想的形成和晚明贬抑程朱道学的社会思潮密切相关,构成晚明贬抑程朱道学的社会思潮的四股力量的批判思想在宋应星的思想中都有反映。宋应星的科学思想为明清之际的启蒙思想提供了科学知识的基础。宋应星的科学思想集中体现了中国传统科学所固有的长处和局限。从这点看,可以将宋应星看作中国传统科学最后一个杰出代表。和徐光启相比较,他们两人代表了在社会对传统文化反思过程中,寻找社会文化新的出路的两种不同的思想动向。
This paper argues that the formation of Song Yingxing’s scientific thought is closely related to the social ideological trend of Zhu Daoxue in the late Ming dynasty. The critical thinking of the four forces that formed the social trend of thought that belittled Zhu Daoxue in the late Ming dynasty reflects both in Song Yingxing’s thought. The scientific thought of Song Yingxing provided the foundation of scientific knowledge for the enlightenment thought in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The scientific thinking of Song Yingxing embodies the strengths and limitations inherent in traditional Chinese science. From this point of view, Song Yingxing can be regarded as the last outstanding representative of Chinese traditional science. Compared with Xu Guangqi, the two of them represented two different ideological trends in the process of social rethinking of traditional culture and looking for new ways of social culture.