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目的了解宁波地区有毒织纹螺毒素的类型、分布、消长及毒素来源。方法小鼠生物法测定织纹螺毒性;ELISA法及HPLC等检测织纹螺石房蛤毒素(STX)、膝沟藻毒素(GTX)、河豚鱼毒素(TTX)。结果从长期监测点采集的127份织纹螺样品中检出毒螺63份,检出率49.6%,样品的毒性高峰和低谷分别出现在1991年和1988年。不同栖息地毒螺检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3类不同来源样品毒螺检出率及毒性差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。半褶织纹螺、红带织纹螺、正织纹螺带毒机率较高,且毒性强。检出织纹螺STX、GTX和TTX毒素。结论宁波地区织纹螺毒素由TTX或贝类麻痹性毒素(PSP)中的STX和GTX组成,部分样品TTX和STX两种毒素共存。查清了宁波市织纹螺带毒情况、地域分布及织纹螺品种与毒性相关性。监测结果提示长期以来宁波市织纹螺总体保持一定的毒性,食用易引起中毒事件的发生。
Objective To understand the types, distribution, growth, and source of toxic ficin in Ningbo. Methods Toxoplasma gondii was determined by the biological method in mice. STX, GTX and TTX were detected by ELISA and HPLC. Results 63 strains of snails were detected from 127 snail samples collected from long-term monitoring sites, with a detection rate of 49.6%. The peak and the trough of the samples were found in 1991 and 1988, respectively. The detection rate of snail in different habitats was significantly different (P <0.01). There were also significant differences in the detection rate and toxicity between three types of snails from different sources (P <0.05). Semi-pleated snail, red snail snake, snake venom with a higher probability, and toxicity. Snails STX, GTX and TTX were detected. CONCLUSIONS The neosporosis toxin in Ningbo consists of STX and GTX in TTX or PSP, and some of the toxins TTX and STX coexist. Identified the tapeworm in Ningbo City, the geographical distribution and snail varieties and toxicity-related. Monitoring results suggest that snail snail has long maintained a certain degree of toxicity in general, and eating can easily lead to the occurrence of poisoning.