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目的:探讨下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布及药敏情况。方法:选择2014年1月至2015年1月,该院呼吸内科800例下呼吸道感染住院患者的痰菌培养及药敏结果进行统计分析。结果:共培养出553株病原菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌362株,占65.5%,主要是克雷伯菌属、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。101株革兰阳性球菌,占18.2%,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌;真菌90株。革兰阴性杆菌对哌拉西林、头孢哌酮和头孢他啶的感敏度较高,万古霉素对葡萄球菌的敏感性较高,庆大霉素、环丙沙星等对葡萄球菌的敏感性较低。结论:革兰阴性杆菌是下呼吸道感染的主要病菌,在临床治疗上要根据患者病情合理选择抗感染药物。
Objective: To investigate the distribution and drug susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection. Methods: From January 2014 to January 2015, the sputum culture and drug susceptibility results of 800 sputum inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the hospital were analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 553 strains of pathogens were cultured, of which 362 were Gram-negative bacilli, accounting for 65.5%, mainly Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. 101 Gram-positive cocci, accounting for 18.2%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis; 90 strains of fungi. Gram-negative bacilli had higher sensitivity to piperacillin, cefoperazone and ceftazidime, vancomycin was more sensitive to staphylococcus, and gentamicin and ciprofloxacin were more sensitive to staphylococcus low. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection. In the clinical treatment, we should select appropriate anti-infective drugs according to the patient’s condition.