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Background Treatment of rats with the beta-adrenergic agonist Isoprenaline (ISO) results in cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis.In the present work,we aimed to study the in vivo effects of ISO on serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases type Ⅰ in Wistar rats.Methods ISO (5 mg· kg-1) or Saline were injected subcutaneously into Wistar rats once a day for 3 or 7 consecutive days.Ventricular remodeling and cardiac function were evaluated by echocardiography.Sections of heart were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) for histopathology or with Masson’s trichrome for collagen visualization.In addition,heart tissue immunohistochemistry for α-SMA was also analyzed.The serum levels of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases type Ⅰ (TIMP-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were determined by Luminex multiplex technology.Results ISO induced cardiac dysfunction in rats after 3 or 7 days of treatment.ISO caused significant increase of myocardial disorder and fibrosis withincreased α-SMA expression.ISO treated aats showed a significant increase in the serum levels of TIMP-1 and MCP-1.Conclusions Our study suggests that ISO induces profound cardiac remodeling accompanied with increase of serum TIMP-1 and MCP-1.