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Hypertension survey was carried out in Guangdong Province in 1991, according to a national sampling survey program. 42 899 urban and rural men and women aged ≥ 15 were involved in the survey. The results revealed that the standardized prevalence rate of hypertension was 8.99% (definite 4. 24%, borderline 4.75% ) . It was higher in men than in women, in urban than in rural samples.Compared with the survey in 1979, the prevalence rate increased by 90% and the curve of aged- prevalence rates shifted leftward. This article also discuss the possible factors that lead to the increase of hypertension.