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早期的宇宙实验室不必到极遥远的宇宙中去也能做失重状态下的实验。只要将实验设备从高处落下,这时该实验设备的内部已大致上形成失重状态。开始用这种自由下落方法做失重的材料实验的是美国人,那是在1970年。实验的最初场所是开发土星火箭的美国宇航局的马萨尔宇宙中心。在地面上制造合金,想要制成非常均匀的合金组织是困难的,而用自由下落的方法来制造这种合金,其结果是极为吸引人的。虽然做成了很多实验,但因自由下落的时间太短(约4秒),就改用飞机和小型火箭了。可是其实验时间也不够长,于是想到是否能在实验时间足够长的宇宙飞船中做实验呢? 阿波罗宇宙飞船的材料实验就是由此而来的。那是在宇宙飞船中把不同密度的材料混合而制成复合材料的实验。这个天空实验室(Skylab)到1973
The early cosmic labs do not have to go to the very far out of the universe to do experiments in a state of weightlessness. As long as the experimental apparatus is dropped from a height, the interior of the experimental apparatus has generally formed into a state of weightlessness. Americans who started experimenting with weightless materials with this free fall method were in 1970. The initial experiment was conducted by NASA’s Marsar Cosmos Center, which developed Saturn’s rocket. It is difficult to make an alloy on the ground and to make a very uniform alloy structure. However, it is extremely attractive to produce such an alloy by a free-fall method. Although many experiments have been made, the flight and small rockets have been switched to because the time for freefall is too short (about 4 seconds). However, the experimental time is not long enough, so think of whether to experiment in spacecraft long enough experiment? Apollo spacecraft material experiment is derived from. That was the experiment of mixing composite materials of different densities in a spacecraft. This sky lab (Skylab) to 1973