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目的描述郑州市7～18岁男童青春期性发育进程,为界定我国儿童少年青春期性发育状态提供依据。方法抽取郑州市9所城乡中小学校7～18岁男生,每个年龄组至少200人,检查青春期性征发育状况并询问首次遗精情况,运用概率单位回归法计算青春期重要发动事件平均年龄(中位年龄)及各主要百分位年龄。结果城市男童首次遗精平均年龄为13.75岁,乡村男童为14.50岁;外生殖器Tanner发育分期Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期、Ⅴ期的平均年龄分别为11.27岁、14.02岁、15.80岁和16.45岁,发育最早年龄7岁;阴毛发育Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期、Ⅴ期的平均年龄分别为13.22岁、14.37岁、16.10岁和16.67岁,发育最早年龄10岁;腋毛发育Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期的平均年龄为15.54岁和16.80岁,发育最早年龄11岁;胡须发育Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期的平均年龄为16.02岁和16.88岁,发育最早年龄11岁。睾丸容积≥4 mL的平均年龄9.98岁,≥12 mL的平均年龄12.41岁。结论男童睾丸最先发育,其次是外生殖器发育,然后是阴毛发育,约1 a后出现半数遗精,腋毛和胡须最后发育;外生殖器和第二性征发育及首次遗精年龄存在城乡差异。
Objective To describe the process of puberty development in 7 ~ 18 year-old boys in Zhengzhou, and to provide the basis for defining the puberty sexual development of our children and adolescents. Methods A total of 9 boys aged from 7 to 18 in primary and secondary schools in 9 urban and rural areas of Zhengzhou City were enrolled, with at least 200 in each age group. The status of adolescent sex development was examined and the first-time spermatorrhea status was analyzed. The average age of important adolescent onset events Age) and major percentile ages. Results The mean age of the first urban sperm for children was 13.75 years old and 14.50 years for the boys in the village. The average age of stage II, III, IV and V of genital Tanner was 11.27, 14.02, 15.80 and 16.45 Years old, the earliest age of development of 7 years old; Pubic hair development Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ of the average age were 13.22 years old, 14.37 years old, 16.10 years old and 16.67 years old, the earliest age of 10 years old; armpit hair Ⅱ, Ⅲ The average age of 15.54 years and 16.80 years, the earliest age of 11 years of age; beard development Ⅱ, Ⅲ of the average age of 16.02 years and 16.88 years old, the earliest age of 11 years of age. Testis volume ≥ 4 mL average age of 9.98 years, ≥ 12 mL average age of 12.41 years. Conclusion The male testis first developed, followed by the development of external genitalia, followed by pubic hair development. After about 1 year, half of the nocturnal emission, armpit hair and beard finally developed. The development of external genitalia and secondary sexual characteristics and the age of first spermatorrhea were different between urban and rural areas.