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在清代河西走廊水案调处中,官绅之间存在着依附与对抗的双重关系。一方面,官府依靠士绅等调处民户之间的小型日常水利纠纷;另一方面,士绅也要依赖官府权威,维护自身的社会地位与权益,尤其在面对一些长期无法有效解决的顽固性水利纠纷中,士绅尤其需仰赖官府的支持。二者之间的对抗同样明显。在既得利益面前,士绅有时会成为官府实现地区水利公平的障碍,为此河西官府会采取相应措施管控士绅。而士绅亦会利用其在乡村社会的影响力,反制官府。以水案为切入点,可揭示官绅之间的复杂关系,这是清代西北水利社会史研究的新视角。
In the Qing Dynasty Hexi Corridor water regulation, there is a double relationship between the attachment and confrontation between the gentry. On the one hand, the government relied on gentry to mediate small daily water disputes among households; on the other hand, gentry relied on the authority of the government to safeguard its own social status and rights, especially in the face of stubborn water conservancy that could not be effectively solved for a long time Disputes, gentry, in particular, rely on the support of the government. Confrontation between the two equally obvious. In the face of vested interests, the gentry sometimes becomes the obstacle for the government to realize the regional water conservancy fairness, for which the Hexi government will take corresponding measures to control the gentry. The gentry will also make use of its influence in the rural community and oppose the government. Starting from the water case, we can reveal the complex relationship between officials and gentry, which is a new angle of view on the social history of Northwest Water Conservancy in Qing Dynasty.