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选择题是1981年首次在我国高考历史中露面。此后,这种题型在高考历史中赋分大幅度上升,1998年高考已达到81分,约占全试卷总赋分150分的65%。选择题虽然赋分很重,但要准确且迅速解答、获得高分并非易事。要答好选择题,拟应从以下几个方面入手。一、弄清高考历史选择题的基本结构、基本形式和基本类型。(一)高考历史选择题的基本结构和基本形式选择题一般由“题干”和“备选项”(也称作题肢)两部分构成。所谓“题干”,就是用陈述句或疑问句的方式,创设解题情境,提出问题;所谓“备选项”,就是试题中列出的备选答案,其中只有一个(指单项选择题)或二个以上(指多项选择题)选项符合题意,而其他选项均是起干扰作用的不合题意的设计。如:
The multiple-choice questions first appeared in the history of the national college entrance examination in 1981. Since then, this type of question has greatly increased in the history of the college entrance examination. In 1998, the college entrance examination has reached 81 points, accounting for about 65% of the total score of the entire paper. Although a multiple choice question is very heavy, it is not easy to accurately and quickly answer and obtain high scores. To answer a multiple-choice question, we should start with the following aspects. First, make clear the basic structure, basic form, and basic types of multiple-choice questions in college entrance examinations. (A) The basic structure and basic form of multiple-choice questions in college entrance examinations The multiple-choice questions are generally composed of two parts: “question” and “optional” (also known as “legal excerpts”). The so-called “question” is to use declarative sentences or interrogative sentences to create problem solving situations and ask questions; the so-called “options” are alternative answers listed in the questions, of which there is only one (referring to single-choice questions) or two The above (multiple-choice multiple-choice) options are consistent with the question, while other options are all non-compliant designs that interfere. Such as: