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Objective:To determine the effects of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(5-HMF),an extract of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch,on several down-regulated signaling molecules involved in learning and memory in hippocampal neurons.Methods:After cultured for 7 days,primary hippocampal neurons were divided into 5 groups:normal,corticosterone model,RU38486,5-HMF,and donepezil group.Neuron survival rates were calculated 24 h later using SYT013-P1 double-fluorescence staining and an 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.β-galactosidase activity was also assayed.Protein expressed by the glucocorticoid receptor(GCR),brainderived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B(NR2B),as well as phosphorylationcyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)response element binding protein(p-CREB),phosphorylation-extracellular signal-regulated kinase(p-ERK),and phosphorylation-synapsin(p-synapsin)were quantified with Western blot.Results:Hippocampal neuron survival rates and the above-mentioned proteins were dramatically decreased(P<0.05),β-galactosidase activity was significantly increased in the model group,but the effect was reversed by5-HMF,RU38486,and to a lesser extent by donepezil(P<0.05).Conclusion:5-HMF extracts from the Chinese herb Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch could protect hippocampal neurons from glucocorticoid injury and from down-regulated signaling molecules in the GCR-BDNF-NR2B-p-ERK-p-CREB-p-synapsin signal transduction pathway.
Objective: To determine the effects of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF), an extract of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, on several down-regulated signaling signaling molecules involved in learning and memory in hippocampal neurons. Methods: After cultured for 7 days, primary hippocampal Neurons were divided into 5 groups: normal, corticosterone model, RU38486, 5-HMF, and donepezil group. Neuron survival rates were calculated 24 h later using SYT013-P1 double-fluorescence staining and an 3- (4,5-Dimethylthiazol- -yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. β-galactosidase activity was also assayed. Protein expressed by the glucocorticoid receptor (GCR), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (NR2B), as well as phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (p-CREB), phosphorylation-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and phosphorylation-synapsin (p-synapsin) were quantified with Western blot .Results: Hippocampal neuron survival rates and t The above-mentioned proteins were dramatically decreased (P <0.05), β-galactosidase activity was significantly increased in the model group, but the effect was reversed by 5-HMF, RU38486, and to a lesser extent by donepezil (P <0.05). Conclusion: 5-HMF extracts from the Chinese herb Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch could protect hippocampal neurons from glucocorticoid injury and from down-regulated signaling molecules in the GCR-BDNF-NR2B-p-ERK-p-CREB-p-synapsin signal transduction pathway.