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端粒是真核生物染色体末端由许多简单重复序列和相关蛋白组成的复合结构，具有维持染色体结构完整性的作用。端粒有随着细胞分裂次数增加而逐渐减少的趋势。端粒酶是一种逆转录酶，能以自身ＲＮＡ 为模板，合成端粒重复序列，加至新合成ＤＮＡ 链末端，以维持染色体端粒长度的稳定性。它们的发现，让人们感觉到似乎已经从基因水平找到了人类长寿的金钥匙。然而从自然辩证法的角度看，人类若不改变自己的行为，人类的平均寿命不但不会延长，甚至有可能缩短
Telomere is a complex structure composed of many simple repeats and related proteins at the end of eukaryotic chromosome, which has the function of maintaining the structural integrity of chromosomes. Telomeres tend to decrease with increasing number of cell divisions. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that uses its own RNA as a template to synthesize telomeric repeat sequences that are added to the ends of newly synthesized DNA strands to maintain the telomere length stability. Their discovery has made people feel that they seem to have found the golden key to human longevity at the gene level. However, from the perspective of dialectics of nature, if human beings do not change their own behavior, the average life expectancy of mankind will not be prolonged and may even be shortened