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盐害是威胁土遗址安全的一大隐患。对土遗址进行脱盐处理,是土遗址保护的重要内容。本文首先通过对建筑工程领域各种脱盐方法的分析,说明了这些方法在土遗址脱盐中存在的问题。然后,对文物保护领域常用的纸浆吸附法的原理及特点进行了阐述,并分析了其应用于土遗址的局限性。最后,通过对李渡烧酒作坊遗址盐分来源及迁移的机理分析,提出了牺牲土层法,以期为土遗址的脱盐提供一种可靠、简单、无损的实践方法。
Salt damage is a major threat to the safety of the earth’s ruins. Desalination of the soil sites is an important part of the protection of the earth sites. In this paper, first of all, through the analysis of various desalination methods in the field of construction engineering, the problems existing in desalination of these sites are illustrated. Then, the principles and characteristics of the pulp adsorption method commonly used in the protection of cultural relics are expounded, and the limitations of the application of the method to the soil sites are analyzed. Finally, by analyzing the source and migration mechanism of salt in the site of Li Dao Shochu workshop, a sacrificial soil layer method is proposed to provide a reliable, simple and non-destructive method for the desalination of soil sites.