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目前,几乎所有用于牙齿治疗的局麻药都含有儿茶酚胺类,因为这类物质具有收缩血管的特性。肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、苯肾上腺素均有不同程度的肾上腺素能α-受体和β-受体的促效作用,使心率、喷血量和心排出量增加,从而心肌耗氧量亦增加。这些作用对心血管疾病患者不利,可引起严重问题。但是,局麻时不用儿茶酚胺类药,因镇痛不完全而导致疼痛,使内源性儿茶酚胺分泌增加,对心血管疾病患者产生相同的交感神经兴奋改变。
At present, almost all of the local anesthetics used for dental treatment contain catecholamines, because these substances have the properties of constricting blood vessels. Adrenaline, norepinephrine, phenylephrine have varying degrees of adrenergic alpha-receptors and beta-agonist effect, so that heart rate, ejection volume and cardiac output increased, and myocardial oxygen consumption Also increased. These effects are detrimental to patients with cardiovascular disease and can cause serious problems. However, local catecholamines do not require local catecholamines due to incomplete analgesia, leading to increased secretion of endogenous catecholamines, resulting in the same sympathetic excitation changes in patients with cardiovascular disease.