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[目的]研究钙镁磷型复混肥对早稻生长发育和产量的影响。[方法]以中低品位磷矿为原料,通过田间小区试验,研究了采用不同工艺生产的钙镁磷型复混肥对早稻产量和生长发育的影响。[结果]施用钙镁磷型复混肥0号、1号和2号可以促进水稻产量的提高,分别较农民习惯施肥处理增产21.86%、20.25%和13.46%,达极显著差异水平;钙镁磷型复混肥处理较农民习惯施肥处理可以提高早稻的单位面积有效穗数和每穗粒数等产量构成因素,其中施用钙镁磷型复混肥1号处理的单位面积有效穗数和每穗粒数均为最高,分别较农民习惯施肥处理增加了11.70%和19.63%;施用钙镁磷型复混肥可以促进水稻株高和分蘖数的增加,并能促进水稻旗叶在较长时间内维持较高的光合效率,提高水稻抗倒伏能力,保证水稻的高产稳产。[结论]该研究结果对于深入研究钙镁磷型复混肥的生产工艺及其在作物上的施用效果具有重要的理论和实践意义。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of Ca, Mg and P compound fertilizers on the growth and yield of early rice. [Method] With medium and low grade phosphate rock as raw material, the effects of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus compound fertilizer on the yield and growth of early rice were studied through field plot experiments. [Result] The application of compound fertilizer of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus type 0, 1 and 2 could promote the increase of rice yield, which increased by 21.86%, 20.25% and 13.46% respectively compared with the habitual fertilization of peasants, reaching the extremely significant difference level; Phosphorus compound fertilizer treatment than farmers accustomed to fertilization can improve the effective early panicle per panicle and grain yield per spike and other production factors, including the application of calcium magnesium phosphate type compound fertilizer No. 1 treatment per panicle and effective spike per The grain number per spike was the highest, which was 11.70% and 19.63% more than that of peasants’ habitual fertilization. The application of compound fertilizer of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus could promote the increase of plant height and tiller number and promote the growth of rice flag leaf in a long time Maintain high photosynthetic efficiency, improve lodging resistance of rice and ensure high and stable yield of rice. [Conclusion] The results of this study have important theoretical and practical significance for further research on the production technology of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and its application effects on crops.