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本文提出了试验机刚度的测定方法,以及为量测混凝土受压应力——应变曲线的下降段试验机刚度必须满足的条件。阐述了量测混凝土应力——应变曲线时按等应变速度加荷的必要性。量测了211～682号普通混凝土和100～400号轻骨料混凝土的完整的应力——应变曲线,以及曲线上五个特征点的特征值。论述了混凝土应力——应变曲线的形状和特征与其内部微裂缝的形成和发展之间的联系。建议把“收敛点”的应变定义为无横向约束混凝土的极限压应变。还建议了一个有理分式做为混凝土受压应力——应变曲线的解析表达式。
In this paper, the testing machine rigidity measurement method and the conditions that must be met to measure the rigidity of the descending section of the concrete under compressive stress-strain curve are measured. The necessity of loading at equal strain rate for measuring the stress-strain curve of concrete is described. The complete stress-strain curves of normal concrete Nos. 211-682 and lightweight aggregates No. 100-400 were measured, as well as the characteristic values of the five characteristic points on the curve. The relationship between the shape and characteristics of concrete stress-strain curve and the formation and development of its internal microcracks is discussed. It is suggested that the “convergent point” strain be defined as the ultimate compressive strain of the concrete without transverse confinement. An analytical expression for the stress-strain curve of a concrete as a compressive stress is also proposed.