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目的了解重庆市某中学学生饮食行为状况,探索可行的健康教育模式,为制定切实可行的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法,抽取重庆市区某中学826名学生进行饮食行为现况问卷调查。结果中学生不健康饮食行为比较普遍,有59.26%的学生(包含4.48%不吃早餐的学生)早餐食物摄取不足;14.39%的学生晚餐摄入过多;65.30%的学生吃宵夜,其中11.01%的学生宵夜摄入过多。学生膳食结构中动物内脏、鱼类及豆制品的消费量不足。学生中存在很多不良饮食习惯:偏食挑食、进食速度快、喜食麻辣及西式快餐等。在健康教育方式方面,不喜欢家长和教师的说教,对课外活动以及同伴营养教育的模式有极大的兴趣。结论重庆市某中学学生的饮食行为存在很多问题,亟需采取适当的膳食行为干预模式如同伴教育,以提高中学生营养健康水平。
Objective To understand the dietary behavior of a middle school student in Chongqing and to explore feasible health education modes to provide a scientific basis for making practical interventions. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 826 students from a middle school in Chongqing to investigate the current status of dietary behaviors. Results Unhealthy eating behavior of middle school students was relatively common. 59.26% of students (4.48% of students who did not eat breakfast) had insufficient food intake for breakfast, 14.39% of students had excessive intake of dinner, 65.30% of students had supper, 11.01% Students eat too much supper. There is not enough consumption of animal offal, fish and soy products in the student meal structure. Students there are many bad eating habits: partial eclipse picky eaters, eating fast, like eating spicy and Western fast food. In the aspect of health education, parents and teachers do not like preaching. They have great interest in extra-curricular activities and patterns of peer nutrition education. Conclusions There are many problems in the dietary behaviors of a middle school student in Chongqing. It is urgent to adopt an appropriate mode of intervention in dietary behaviors such as companion education to improve the nutritional health of middle school students.