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目的了解2016年郑州市法定传染病的发生水平、构成及流行特征。方法使用中国疾病预防控制中心所开发的“疾病监测信息报告管理系统”对2016年郑州市法定传染病发病及死亡情况进行统计分析。结果 2016年郑州市总共报告法定传染病24种67 296例,发病率为827.47/10万,报告死亡70例,死亡率为0.86/10万,病死率为0.01%。其中甲类传染病出现1例霍乱疫情。报告乙类传染病16种21 525例,发病率为264.67/10万,报告死亡66例,死亡率为0.81/10万,病死率为0.3%。报告丙类传染病7种45 770例,发病率为562.79/10万,报告死亡4例,死亡率为0.049 2/10万,病死率为0.01%。乙类传染病发病数居前5位的疾病依次为:乙肝、丙肝、肺结核、梅毒和淋病。丙类传染病发病数居前5位的疾病依次为:手足口病、其他感染性腹泻、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒和急性出血性结膜炎。结论在2016年郑州市法定传染病中,病毒性肝炎、肺结核、梅毒、手足口病、其他感染性腹泻和流行性腮腺炎依然是严重危害当地居民身体健康与生命安全的主要公共卫生问题。
Objective To understand the incidence, constitution and prevalence of notifiable infectious diseases in Zhengzhou in 2016. Methods The “Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System” developed by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used for statistical analysis of the incidence and death of notifiable infectious diseases in Zhengzhou in 2016. Results In 2016, a total of 67 296 cases of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Zhengzhou City. The incidence rate was 827.47 / 100 000. There were 70 reported deaths, with a mortality rate of 0.86 per 100 000 and a case fatality rate of 0.01%. One case of type A infectious disease cholera outbreak. There were 21 525 cases of Category B infectious diseases reported, with a prevalence of 264.67 / 100 000. There were 66 reported cases of death, with a mortality rate of 0.81 / 100,000 and a case fatality rate of 0.3%. Reported 45770 cases of 7 kinds of class C infectious diseases with the incidence rate of 562.79 / 100000, 4 cases were reported as death, the death rate was 0.049 2 / 100,000 and the case fatality rate was 0.01%. The top 5 diseases with the highest incidence of Category B infectious diseases were hepatitis B, hepatitis C, tuberculosis, syphilis and gonorrhea. The top 5 diseases with the highest incidence of Category C infectious diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, mumps, influenza and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Conclusions Viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea and mumps remain the major public health problems that seriously endanger the health and life safety of local residents in the legal infectious diseases in Zhengzhou in 2016.