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一、苹果纺锤形树形整形技术 纺锤形树形是随苹果矮化密植栽培而推广的一种介于自然形和人工形之间的树形,这种树形只有一级骨干枝,级次少,通风透光良好,成形快,有利于早果、早丰产,适于株距2～3米,行距3～4米的高密果园。 整形方法:栽后留苗高80厘米定干,当年可萌发3～4个健壮侧生枝。从第二年开始到整形完成前,中心干每年剪留40厘米左右,但成枝力强的品种,可适当长留或不短截,成枝力弱的品种可适当短留或长留后刻伤,促进发芽,从中心干上每年选留2—3个主枝。这些主枝要有一定的间隔角度,避免上下重叠。如出现重叠,上下间距要保持50—60厘
First, the apple spindle-shaped plastic surgery spindle-shaped tree with apple dwarf close planting cultivation and promotion of a natural and artificial form between the tree, this tree is only a backbone branch level Less ventilation and good light, forming fast, is conducive to early fruit, early yield, suitable for 2 to 3 meters spacing, spacing 3 to 4 meters of high density orchards. Plastic method: After planting seedling height 80 cm set dry, then germinate 3 to 4 sturdy lateral branches. From the second year until the completion of plastic surgery, the center of dry cut about 40 cm per year, but the branches of strong varieties, may be appropriate to stay or not short cut, weak branches of the species may be appropriate short or long stay Injury, to promote germination, dry from the center each year to stay elected 2-3 main branch. These main branches have a certain angle of separation, to avoid overlapping. If there is overlap, the upper and lower spacing to maintain 50-60%