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miRNA是近年来发现的一类长约22 nt的内源性非编码RNA,在动物中主要通过抑制靶mRNA翻译,在转录后水平调控基因表达。大量研究表明脂肪组织中的miRNAs参与了脂肪细胞分化、脂代谢等多种生物过程调控,其自身也受到转录因子、脂肪细胞因子和环境因子等调控,这些复杂的相互作用关系构成了脂肪组织中miRNA的调控网络,循环miRNA的发现为这个网络加入了新元素。对肥胖等代谢疾病的研究,应该从这个复杂的动态网络中寻找答案。文中综述了脂肪组织中miRNA的最新研究进展,以期为利用miRNA进行肥胖等相关代谢失调疾病的治疗提供新思路。
In recent years, miRNAs have been identified as a type of 22-nt endogenous non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level mainly by inhibiting target mRNA translation. A large number of studies have shown that miRNAs in adipose tissue are involved in the regulation of many biological processes such as adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism, and are themselves regulated by transcription factors, adipocytokines and environmental factors. These complex interactions constitute the major component of adipose tissue The miRNA regulatory network, the discovery of circulating miRNAs, adds new elements to the network. Research on metabolic diseases such as obesity should seek answers from this complex and dynamic network. In this paper, the recent research progress of miRNA in adipose tissue is reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders with miRNA.