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目的分析2007～2010年西藏阿里地区鼠疫监测结果,探讨鼠疫控制对策。方法按照《全国鼠疫监测方案》要求进行喜马拉雅旱獭(简称旱獭)密度、体蚤调查和鼠疫细菌学、血清学检查。结果 2007～2010年西藏阿里地区旱獭平均密度为0.31只/hm2。梳检旱獭272只,获蚤68只,平均蚤指数为0.25,染蚤率为37.50%。测定鼠疫F1抗体447份,其中牧犬血清360份,阳性143份,阳性率为39.72%。测定鼠疫F1抗原135份,其中自毙旱獭血清107份,阳性63份,阳性率为58.89%。剖检自毙旱獭107只,检出鼠疫菌54株,检出率为50.47%。结论近年来西藏阿里地区每年都发生动物间鼠疫,并且检出率、宿主密度、蚤指数、牧犬血清阳性率均很高,鼠疫流行非常活跃,对人民的生命财产安全带来了极大的安全隐患,应该加强该地区鼠疫监测,采取有效的保护性措施,降低旱獭密度,灭獭灭蚤,同时加大宣传教育力度,禁止鼠疫疫区群众及外来施工、经商人员剥食旱獭,提高群众的自我保护能力,杜绝动物间鼠疫波及到人间。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of plague in Ali area of Tibet from 2007 to 2010 and to explore the control strategies of plague. Methods According to the “National Plague Surveillance Program”, the density, body fleas investigation and plague bacteriological and serological examination of Marmota marmota (Marmot) were conducted. Results The average density of marmots in Ali area in Tibet from 2007 to 2010 was 0.31 / hm2. 272 woodchucks, 68 fleas, with an average flea index of 0.25 and a flea flea rate of 37.50%. Determination of plague F1 antibody 447 copies, of which mastiff serum 360, 143 were positive, the positive rate was 39.72%. Determination of plague F1 antigen 135 copies, of which from autistic Marmot serum 107, 63 were positive, the positive rate was 58.89%. 107 autopsy-killed marmots, 54 strains of Yersinia pestis were detected, the detection rate was 50.47%. Conclusions In recent years, the plague of animals occurred in Ali area of Tibet every year. The detection rate, host density, flea index and positive rate of serodiagnosis are all very high. The epidemic of plague is very active and brings great impact on people’s life and property Safety hazards, we should strengthen the plague surveillance in the area, take effective protective measures to reduce the density of marmots, eliminate monster flea fleeing, while increasing publicity and education efforts to stop plague plague masses and external construction, businesspeople peel fresh marmot, raise the masses Self-protection ability to prevent the spread of plague between animals spread to the earth.