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应激性心肌病又称Takotsubo心肌病（Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, TCM），是与应激相关、临床表现与急性心肌梗死（acute myocardial infarction, AMI）类似的循环危象。麻醉医师在围手术期遭遇TCM的情况并不少见，目前国内较少文章全面阐述这一综合征。文章就围手术期TCM的诱因、病理机制、临床特征、诊断要点、鉴别诊断和主要治疗原则进行综述，旨在为麻醉医师了解和应对该综合征提供全面的参考。“,”Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a circulatory crisis associated with stress, which has a similar clinical manifestation to acute myocardial infarction. TCM patients are not rare cases that need anesthesiologists to deal with during the perioperative period. However, at present, there is no comprehensive summary of this syndrome in published articles. This review summarized the causes, pathological mechanism, clinical features, main points of diagnosing, differential diagnosis and essential treatment principles of the perioperative TCM to provide the comprehensive summary as a reference for anesthesiologists to understand and treat this syndrome.