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钙拮抗剂自60年代问世以来,主要用于治疗心血管疾病。其主要作用是选择性阻滞肌细胞膜上的慢通道,干扰钙离子跨膜内向流,从而抑制心肌和平滑肌细胞的收缩活动。近几年发现有些钙拮抗剂对脑血管有选择性扩张作用,可能是治疗脑血管痉挛和脑缺血疾患的很有希望的药物。一、钙拮抗剂对脑血管的选择性作用近年来,广泛的实验研究发现脑血管平滑肌比周围血管平滑肌对某些钙拮抗剂更为敏感,在不引起全身血压下降的药物剂量时就能产生脑动脉扩张。Towart证实Nimodipine对基底动脉的收缩作用比对隐动脉的作用强30倍。钙拮抗剂对脑动脉和非脑动脉作用不同的原因有三种说法:(1)活化
Calcium antagonists have been used primarily in the treatment of cardiovascular disease since their introduction in the 1960s. Its main role is to selectively block the slow channel in the muscle cell membrane, interfering with the inward flux of calcium ions across the membrane, thereby inhibiting myocardial and smooth muscle cell contractile activity. In recent years, some calcium antagonists found that selective expansion of cerebral blood vessels, may be the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia disease is a promising drug. A selective effect of calcium antagonists on cerebrovascular In recent years, a wide range of experimental studies have found that cerebrovascular smooth muscle is more sensitive to certain calcium antagonists than peripheral vascular smooth muscle and can be produced at dosages that do not cause systemic blood pressure drops Cerebral artery dilatation. Towart confirmed that Nimodipine has 30-fold more potent contractions of the basilar artery than the saphenous artery. There are three reasons why calcium antagonists have different effects on cerebral arteries and non-cerebral arteries: (1) activation