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目的研究亚慢性吸入环境烟草烟雾(ETS)对雄性小鼠神经行为活动的影响并探讨其可能的机制。方法将60只SPF级昆明小鼠随机分为空白对照组、ETS暴露组、嗅上皮毁损组、嗅上皮毁损+ETS暴露组,每组15只。采取单支香烟暗火燃烧进行ETS暴露染毒,40min/次,2次/d,间隔6h,染毒8周。各组进行自主活动实验、洞板实验、Morris实验。结果小鼠自主活动、洞板实验结果显示,与空白对照组比较,ETS暴露组小鼠自主活动次数明显增加(P<0.05),探洞次数明显减少(P<0.05)。Morris水迷宫实验中,ETS暴露组、嗅上皮毁损+ETS暴露组游泳平均速度均低于空白对照组(P<0.05),第一次穿越安全目标的潜伏期时间均明显长于空白对照组(P<0.05),ETS暴露组穿越安全目标次数低于空白对照组(P<0.05)。结论小鼠长期暴露于环境烟草烟雾中会导致空间学习记忆能力及探索认知能力下降,并伴有体质下降,其机制可能与嗅觉传导通路有关。
Objective To investigate the effect of sub-chronic inhalation of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on neurobehavioral activity in male mice and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Sixty SPF Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control group, ETS exposure group, olfactory epithelium damage group, olfactory epithelium damage + ETS exposure group, 15 rats in each group. Take a single cigarette dark fire burning exposed ETS exposure, 40min / time, 2 times / d, interval 6h, exposure to 8 weeks. Each group of independent activity experiment, hole experiment, Morris experiment. Results The autonomic activities of the mice showed that the numbers of spontaneous activities in mice exposed to ETS increased significantly (P <0.05) and the number of holes exploded significantly compared with the blank control group (P <0.05). In the Morris water maze test, the average swimming speed of ETS exposed group, olfactory epithelium damaged group + ETS exposed group was lower than that of the blank control group (P <0.05), and the latent period of the first safety target crossing was significantly longer than that of the blank control group (P < 0.05). The number of safety targets traversed by ETS exposure group was lower than that of the blank control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Long-term exposure of mice to environmental tobacco smoke can lead to spatial learning and memory ability and cognitive decline, accompanied by physical decline, the mechanism may be related to the olfactory conduction pathway.