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为了深入了解循环闭式模锻过程中变形行为规律,改进制备工艺,为下一步工业化应用奠定基础,采用Deform-3D数值模拟软件对循环闭式模锻进行有限元分析,探讨了模锻过程中试样的温度场、应变场、速度场、应力场。结果表明:加工时,坯料上端先于下端镦粗变形,逐步充满下型腔;变形过程中,试样内部大多数部位承载三维方向压缩应力,各质点流动速度不同,流动方向各异,造成剪切塑性变形始终存在;初始道次结束后试样内部各部位应变差异很大,随着后续道次的进行,应变的分布呈均匀化趋势,累积应变不断提高;温度场模拟表明,坯料模锻后棱边和表面温升很高,坯料内部大部分区域温升较低。在400℃加工铸态AZ31镁合金的实验表明:4道次后,晶粒分布均匀,平均尺寸由约178μm细化到约19μm。
In order to further understand the deformation behavior of closed-cycle forging process, improve the preparation process, and lay the foundation for the next industrial application. Deform-3D numerical simulation software was used to carry out finite element analysis of closed-cycle forging. Sample temperature field, strain field, velocity field, stress field. The results show that during the processing, the upper end of the billet is upset and deformed at the lower end, and the lower cavity is gradually filled. During deformation, most parts of the specimen carry three-dimensional compressive stress. The plastic deformation always exists. After the initial pass, the strain in each part of the specimen is quite different. With the follow-up pass, the strain distribution tends to be uniform and the cumulative strain increases continuously. The temperature field simulation shows that the die forging After the edge and the surface temperature is very high, most of the blank within the lower temperature rise. Experiments on as-cast AZ31 magnesium alloy at 400 ℃ showed that after 4 passes, the grain size distribution was uniform and the average size was refined from about 178μm to about 19μm.