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目的分析2002—2015年宁波市20岁以下人群溺水死亡流行特征和趋势。方法从浙江省慢性病监测信息管理系统导出2002—2015年宁波市20岁以下户籍居民的死因资料,分析20岁以下人群和不同人口特征亚人群的溺水死亡率;以2000年全国第五次人口普查人口为标准对溺水死亡率进行标化,拟合线性回归计算年度变化百分比(APC)判断其变化趋势。结果 2002—2015年宁波市20岁以下人群溺水死亡982人,占同期该人群伤害死亡人数的41.59%(982/2 361)。平均溺水粗死亡率为6.23/10万,其中男性、女性、城市和农村人群平均溺水粗死亡率分别为8.74/10万、3.59/10万、3.85/10万和7.64/10万。在这14年中,溺水标化死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,年度变化百分比(APC)为-9.71%(P<0.01)。男性溺水标化死亡率APC为-10.03%(P<0.01),高于女性的-9.64%(P<0.01)。城市人群溺水标化死亡率APC为-14.51%(P<0.01),高于农村的-8.71%(P<0.01)。7月、8月和6月溺水死亡人数较多,分别为206(20.98%)、181(18.43%)和129人(13.14%)。90.04%溺水死亡发生在自然水域,0.84%发生在浴盆,后者均为5岁以下儿童。结论 2002—2015年宁波市20岁以下人群溺水死亡率呈下降趋势,应根据溺水死亡流行特征采取有针对性的干预措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features and trends of death from drowning in people under 20 in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2015. Methods The data of cause of death of under-20-year-old residents in Ningbo City from 2002 to 2015 were derived from Zhejiang chronic disease monitoring information management system, and the death rate of drowning in sub-population of under-20 and sub-population of different population was analyzed. According to the fifth national census in 2000 Population as the standardization of mortality rate of drowning, fitting linear regression to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) to determine the trend. Results In 2002-2015, 982 people died in drowsiness in Ningbo City, accounting for 41.59% (982/2361) of the total number of people who died of injuries. The average fatality rate of drowning was 6.23 / 100,000. Among them, the average fatal death rates of males, females, urbanites and rural people were 8.74 / 100000, 3.59 / 100000, 3.85 / 100000 and 7.64 / 100000 respectively. During these 14 years, the standardization rate of drowning decreased year by year, the annual percentage change (APC) was -9.71% (P <0.01). The APC of males was -10.03% (P <0.01), higher than that of females (9.66%) (P <0.01). The APC of urban population was -14.51% (P <0.01), higher than that of rural population (8.71%) (P <0.01). July, August and June drowning death toll were more, respectively 206 (20.98%), 181 (18.43%) and 129 people (13.14%). 90.04% Drowning deaths occurred in natural waters, with 0.84% occurring in bidets, the latter being children under 5 years of age. Conclusions The death rate of drowning in Ningbo under the age of 20 years shows a decreasing trend from 2002 to 2015. Targeted interventions should be taken according to the characteristics of death due to drowning.