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铁的吸收与排泄食物中大多是胶状的三价羟化高铁须在消化道内还原为二价羟化亚铁才能被吸收。还原作用开始于胃,并在小肠内继续进行。经胃酸和维生素C等还原物质的作用,将胶状的高铁变为游离的亚铁。胃酸缺乏或胃切除后,铁的吸收率明显降低。铁大部分是在空肠上段吸收,小部分在小肠其它备段;胃和结肠的吸收量甚微。铁通过小肠上皮细胞的刷状边缘后,或贮于局部,或进入血流。
Absorption and excretion of iron Most of the gel-like trivalent hydroxylated iron must be reduced to divalent ferrous hydroxylase in the digestive tract to be absorbed. The reduction begins in the stomach and continues in the small intestine. By the stomach acid and vitamin C and other reducing substances, the colloidal high-speed iron into free ferrous. After achlorhydria or gastrectomy, the iron absorption rate was significantly reduced. Most of the iron is absorbed in the upper jejunum, a small part of the other spare parts of the small intestine; stomach and colon absorption is minimal. Iron passes through the brush edge of the small intestine epithelium, either locally, or into the blood stream.