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小麦籽粒体积是最稳定的产量组份，它对出标率亦有决定性影响．为了确定与Ｇ６０３—８６的大粒（单粒重高于６０ｍｇ，粒重约９ｍｍ）性状有关的染色体，用Ｇ６０３—８６（Ｐ１）与Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔ（Ｐ２）的一套单体系杂交，先获得Ｆ１单体系，再由Ｆ２群体中选出３个Ｆ１二体系．在田间对Ｆ３二体系进行试验测定．用标准方差分析法分析表明，两亲本材料在粒重、粒长性状上有显著差异，但在粒宽或籽粒形态密度等性状上差异不大；部分同源染色体对粒重及所有粒重组份有明显效应，而基因组对这些性状均无明显影响；Ｇ６０３—８６的６Ｄ和４Ａ染色体能明显提高粒重，４Ａ、４Ｂ、２Ｂ、３Ａ及１Ｂ染色体能显著增大粒长，１Ａ、１Ｂ染色体则可增加粒宽，６Ｄ、６Ａ染色体可改进籽粒形态密度；Ｇ６０３—８６小麦的大粒性状受位于多条染色体上并影响籽粒维度、形态及密度的不同基因控制．
Wheat grain volume is the most stable yield component, which also has a decisive impact on the yield. In order to determine the chromosomes related to the trait of G603-86 in large grain (single grain weight more than 60mg, grain weight about 9mm), the F1 monosomic line was obtained by crossing G603-86 (P1) with a set of single lines of Favorit (P2) , Then F2 population selected three F1 two systems. In the field of F3 two system test. Analysis by standard analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in grain weight and grain length between the two parents, but not significant differences in grain width or grain shape density. But the genome had no obvious effect on these traits. The 6D and 4A chromosomes of G603-86 could significantly increase the grain weight, while the chromosomes 4A, 4B, 2B, 3A and 1B could significantly increase the grain length. The 1A and 1B chromosomes could be Increasing the grain width, 6D and 6A chromosomes could improve the grain morphological density. The grain traits of G603-86 wheat were controlled by different genes that were located on multiple chromosomes and affected grain dimension, morphology and density.