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目的探讨心理干预对6岁儿童预防接种合作程度的影响。方法将302例6岁需预防接种的儿童随机分为观察组和对照组,各151例,均由两位有20年工作经验、注射技术娴熟且善于做儿童心理工作的防保人员进行注射。观察组在进行疫苗注射前实施心理干预,对照组不实施心理干预直接注射疫苗。对两组儿童注射后的不同心理反应及行为状况进行评估,统计两组儿童的合作程度。结果观察组儿童疫苗注射时主动合作97例(占64.24%),基本合作37例(占24.50%),不合作17例(占11.26%);对照组主动合作63例(41.72%),基本合作51例(33.78%),不合作37例(24.50)。两组儿童合作程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对6岁儿童疫苗接种时的表现与心理反应,给予相应的心理干预措施,能减轻6岁接种儿童的不良情绪,提高接种合作程度。
Objective To explore the impact of psychological intervention on the degree of cooperation in vaccination of 6-year-old children. Methods A total of 302 children aged 6 years who needed immunization were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 151 cases in each group. All of them were injected by two preventive workers who had 20 years of working experience and who were skilled in injection technique and were good at psychological work. In the observation group, psychological intervention was carried out before the vaccine was injected, while in the control group, the vaccine was injected directly without psychological intervention. Two groups of children after injection of different psychological reactions and behavioral conditions were assessed, statistical cooperation between the two groups of children. Results In the observation group, 97 cases (64.24%) actively participated in the vaccination, 37 cases were basic cooperation (24.50%), 17 cases were uncooperative (11.26%) and 63 cases (41.72%) were active cooperation in control group. 51 cases (33.78%), 37 cases did not cooperate (24.50). The two groups of children’s cooperation, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Aiming at the performance and psychological reaction of 6-year-old children vaccinated, psychological intervention was given to alleviate the negative emotions of 6-year-old children vaccinated and improve the cooperation of vaccination.