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肿瘤干细胞是指肿瘤细胞群体中的未分化细胞,能够自我更新及无限增殖;通常具有正常干细胞样的多潜能性,可以分化产生异质性的肿瘤细胞及组织,对于传统的化疗药物具有耐药性。肿瘤干细胞与正常干细胞有一定的差异,如某些信号通路异常活化、细胞表面表达特异的分子等。针对肿瘤干细胞的这些特性,科学家们提出新的肿瘤治疗策略,即通过设计特异的抗体药物靶向信号通路或者细胞表面分子等,从根源上杀死肿瘤起始细胞,从而达到彻底治愈恶性肿瘤的目的。该文介绍了针对不同信号通路(如Notch和Wnt)或肿瘤细胞表面标志分子(如Ep CAM和CD44等)的抗体药物,并且探讨了抗体药物的优点以及面临的问题。
Tumor stem cells refer to undifferentiated cells in a tumor cell population that are capable of self-renewal and unlimited proliferation; usually have normal stem cell-like pluripotency that can differentiate to produce heterogeneous tumor cells and tissues that are resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs Sex. Cancer stem cells and normal stem cells have some differences, such as abnormal activation of certain signaling pathways, cell surface expression of specific molecules. According to these characteristics of cancer stem cells, scientists propose a new strategy for cancer treatment, that is, through the design of specific antibody drug-targeted signaling pathway or cell surface molecules, etc., from the source to kill tumor initiating cells, so as to achieve complete cure of malignant tumors purpose. This article describes antibody drugs targeting different signaling pathways (such as Notch and Wnt) or tumor cell surface marker molecules (such as Ep CAM and CD44) and explores the advantages and problems of antibody drugs.