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目的掌握水痘流行特征,为制订学校水痘暴发流行的预防控制措施提供依据。方法用统一调查表对患病学生进行询问、体检,治愈者回顾性追踪调查。对首发病例、传播方式、波及班级、流行特征、防治措施等进行分析。结果全校有学生805人,流行15天,发病44人,罹患率5.47%,采取综合防治措施,疫情有效控制。结论加强水痘疫情监测管理,开展水痘疫苗接种,做到早发现,早报告、早隔离,早处理,及时消灭传染源,有效控制传播途径,是遏制水痘暴发流行发生的关键。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox and provide the basis for the prevention and control measures of varicella outbreak in schools. Methods A questionnaire was used to inquire the sick students, and physical examination and healer were retrospectively investigated. Analysis of the first case, mode of transmission, affecting classes, epidemic characteristics, prevention and treatment measures. Results The school has 805 students, 15 days epidemic, the incidence of 44 people, the attack rate of 5.47%, to take comprehensive prevention and control measures, effective control of the epidemic. Conclusion To strengthen the monitoring and management of chickenpox epidemics and start varicella vaccination, early detection, early report, early isolation, early treatment, timely elimination of sources of infection and effective control of transmission are the keys to curb the outbreak of chickenpox.