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本文就25具成人尸体进行了股二头肌长头的形态及其血管神经的观察,结果是:股二头肌长头从坐骨结节尖到长、短头会合点之间的距离平均为24.41±0.26厘米;会合点到腓骨小头尖之间的距离平均为14.58±0.2厘米;长头最宽处平均为3.61±0.12厘米,最宽处距坐骨结节尖之间的平均距离为18.2±0.31厘米,最厚处平均为1.83±0.08厘米。股二头肌长头的动脉来自旋股内侧动脉、股深动脉第一、二穿支。其中以来自旋股侧动脉和股深动脉的第一穿支的分支者为最多。每支动脉入肌前可分为1～3支入肌,这些分支均在长、短头会合点以上。肌支的外径均在0.5厘米以上。每支肌支动脉均为双支静脉伴行。股二头肌长头的神经均来自坐骨神经,平均为1～4支。股二头肌在矫形外科中常用于转位矫正股四头肌麻痹所致的跛行。近来游离肌瓣移植广泛开展,对该肌的应用解剖学研究逐渐引起人们的注意。复习文献,国外有 McCraw,国内有陶永松等、罗克忱等有过这方面的报导。综观这些资料,数量不多,且多限于血管主干。本文一方面想补充这方面国人资料,另一方面试图从应用角度出发,综合分析解剖所见,商榷几个临床应用的问题。
This article on 25 adult cadaver biceps long biceps morphology and its vascular nerve observation, the result is: biceps long biceps from the ischial tuberosity to the long, short head meeting point the distance between the average 24.41 ± 0.26 cm; the average distance between the meeting point and the tip of the fibula was 14.58 ± 0.2 cm; the widest point of the long head was 3.61 ± 0.12 cm on average, and the widest distance was 18.2 ± 0.31 cm, the thickest average of 1.83 ± 0.08 cm. The biceps femoris artery comes from the medial femoral artery, femoral artery first and second perforating branches. Where the first branch of the branch from the femoral and femoral arteries had the largest number of branches. Each artery into the muscle can be divided into 1 to 3 into the muscle, these branches are long, short head meeting point above. The diameter of muscular branches are more than 0.5 cm. Each branch artery is double-limb vein accompanying. The biceps femoris nerve is derived from the sciatic nerve, with an average of 1 to 4. Biceps femoris is commonly used in orthopedic surgery for claudication of the quadriceps paralysis due to transpositional correction. Recently, a wide range of free muscle flap transplantation, application of the anatomy of the muscle gradually attracted people’s attention. Review the literature, McCraw abroad, domestic Tao Yongsong, etc., have such reports. Looking at these data, a small number, and more limited to the vascular trunk. On the one hand, this article wants to supplement the information of Chinese people on the one hand, on the other hand tries to analyze the anatomical findings from the application point of view and discuss several clinical problems.