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棉田施肥水平和施肥技术决定棉花产量、品质和经济效益。目前在棉田施肥技术上存在着三个问题。一是施肥量不足,施肥水平下降。据锦西市调查:棉田施肥量由过去的每亩4000公斤下降到2500公斤;化肥投入量由过去的40公斤下降到25公斤。由于施肥量不足,棉花生育表现前期起身晚,中期生育弱,后期生育衰。伏桃少,秋桃掉,三桃比例下降。典型调查结果表明:亩施基肥(一般圈肥)2250公斤,不施口肥,生育期每亩追尿素15公斤的棉田,平均单株结铃4.6个,下部、中部、上部果枝结铃比为55.8:33.9:8.7,平均单产43.6公斤。而亩施基肥3500公斤、口肥尿素5公斤、磷酸二铵10公斤,生育期间再追15公斤尿素的棉田,单株结铃为6.1(?)个,三桃比为44.7:36.5:20.8,亩产皮棉60.7公斤,较施肥水平低的每亩增产39.2 ％。二是施肥量过多,高成本低效益。据锦西市1986年调查,有的植棉户
Cotton fertilization and fertilization techniques determine the yield, quality and economic benefits. Currently there are three problems in fertilizer technology in cotton fields. First, lack of fertilizer, fertilization levels decline. According to the investigation of Jinxi City, the amount of fertilizers in cotton fields dropped from 4,000 kilograms per mu to 2,500 kilograms in the past; the input of chemical fertilizers dropped from 40 kilograms in the past to 25 kilograms. Due to insufficient amount of fertilizers, the performance of cotton growth late up late, mid-term low birth weight, postnatal decline. V peach less autumn fall off, the proportion of three peaches decreased. The results of a typical survey showed that the average number of single plant bolls was 4.6 per acre in cotton fields without urea and 22 kg / mu of non-fertilizing fertilizers, and the average number of bolls per plant was 4.6 per acre in cotton fields. The boll ratio of lower, middle and upper branches was 55.8 : 33.9: 8.7, the average yield of 43.6 kg. While 3500 kg of basil fertilizer, 5 kg of urea fertilizer and 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 6.1 (?) Bolls of bolls per plant were found during the growing period. The bolls of bolls per plant were 44.7: 36.5: 20.8, 60.7 kilograms of lint per mu, an increase of 39.2% per acre compared with the low level of fertilization. Second, too much fertilizer, high cost and low efficiency. According to Jinxi 1986 survey, some cotton farmers