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目的 了解目前北京市化工人群哮喘的流行病学特征并对其治疗现状进行分析 ,取得我国化工职业人群中哮喘流行病学状况的基础资料。方法 采用面对面调查与体检相结合的方法对北京 6家大型化工厂的全体职工 12 6 94人进行了普查。结果 北京市化工人群哮喘患病率为 1 13%(143/ 12 6 94) ,男性为 1 0 9% (78/ 716 4) ,女性为 1 18% (6 5 / 5 5 30 ) ,两者在统计学上差异无显著意义。不同工厂哮喘患病率不同。过敏体质及接触某些化工物质是哮喘发病的危险因素。 91 6 1%的患者在急性发作期采用药物治疗 ,8 39%的患者在缓解期坚持治疗。结论 在化工职业人群中 ,职业性地接触一些化工物质可能是哮喘发病的一个危险因素。在该人群中 ,哮喘患者的治疗远未符合哮喘治疗规范。
Objective To understand the current epidemiological characteristics of asthma in chemical workers in Beijing and to analyze its treatment status and to obtain the basic data of epidemiological status of asthma in chemical occupational groups in China. Methods A total of 12 694 workers from 6 large-scale chemical factories in Beijing were surveyed by the method of face-to-face investigation and physical examination. Results The prevalence of asthma was 113% (143/12 694) in Beijing’s chemical population, 109% (78/7164) in men and 18% (55/575) in women No statistically significant difference. The prevalence of asthma in different factories is different. Allergies and exposure to certain chemical substances are risk factors for the development of asthma. Ninety-one percent of patients treated with drugs during the acute exacerbation period and 83.3% sustained treatment during the remission period. Conclusion Occupational exposure to some chemical substances may be a risk factor for the development of asthma in chemical occupations. In this population, the treatment of asthmatics is far from meeting the asthma treatment guidelines.