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通过实验较系统地研究了采用H2 SO4 分解钙钛矿时 ,酸的用量、钙钛矿的颗粒度、反应温度、酸浓度以及反应时间对钙钛矿中钛元素酸解率的影响。用质量分数为 90 %的H2 SO4 分解钙钛矿的合理实验条件为 :矿酸比为 6∶35 0 2 ,反应温度为 10 0℃ ,反应时间为 1 5h。在此条件下 ,钛元素的酸解率可达到 10 0 % ,同时可避免形成TiOSO4 沉淀或TiO2 +2 水解。对该条件下钛元素酸解率随时间的变化规律进行了曲线拟合 ,拟合方程为X =-2 2 7× 10 -3t + 5 2 7× 10 -4 t2 -4 2× 10 -6t3。
The effects of the amount of acid, the particle size of perovskite, reaction temperature, acid concentration and reaction time on the acid hydrolysis rate of titanium in perovskite were studied systematically through experiments. The reasonable experimental conditions for the decomposition of perovskite by H2SO4 with mass fraction of 90% are as follows: the ratio of mineral acid to acid is 6:35 0 2, the reaction temperature is 10 0 ℃ and the reaction time is 15 h. Under these conditions, the hydrolysis rate of titanium can reach 10%, while avoiding the formation of TiOSO4 precipitate or TiO2 +2 hydrolysis. The curve of the acid hydrolysis rate of the element with time under the condition is curve fitting, the fitting equation is X = -2 2 7 × 10 -3t + 5 2 7 × 10 -4 t2 -4 2 × 10 -6t3 .