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对于翻译的目的,学界存在“进行精神统治”、“裨益民用”、“赚钱、娱人、娱己、搞对象”等各种提法。笔者对不同层次的翻译目的依规模划分成个体目的、集体目的和翻译事业目的三大类,并分析了三者的金字塔关系。在个体目的中,笔者通过区分狭义翻译和广义翻译,划清了文本目的同译者个人目的界限。在集体翻译目的中,分析了翻译策划、选题、生产、流通、产生影响这一系列行为的目的,并且看到了翻译目的设定、实施和实现这一动态过程及其对翻译活动的反拨作用。最后,文章剖析了功能学派的目的论,并创新地对参与者的翻译目的进行了分析。
For the purpose of translation, academics have various formulations such as “spiritual rule”, “civil benefit”, “making money, entertaining others, entertaining others and engaging in objects”. The author divides the purpose of translation into different levels according to the scale into three categories: individual purpose, collective purpose and purpose of translation business, and analyzes the relationship between the three pyramids. In individual purposes, the author draws a clear distinction between the purpose of the text and the translator’s personal purpose by distinguishing the narrow translation from the broad translation. In the purpose of collective translation, it analyzes the purpose of translation planning, selection of topics, production, circulation, and influencing this series of activities, and see the purpose of translation to set, implement and realize this dynamic process and its anti-translation of translation activities effect. Finally, the article analyzes the functionalist teleology and analyzes the participants’ translation purpose in an innovative way.