论文部分内容阅读
一个小流域就是一个集水单元,也是一个洪水、泥沙汇流区.这个汇流过程就是流域内水土流失的全过程.沟壑是径流泥沙搬运的通道,由于坡面径流加强了沟蚀,沟蚀又影响坡面稳定,因此沟壑治理是小流域综合治理的主要组成部分。前面讲了治坡的各种水土保持措施,使径流通过工程与林草措施能够就地拦蓄,尽量不使其流入沟道,倘如坡面径流尚未全部控制,加上沟壑本身汇水的冲刷,就必须采取沟头防护、谷坊、淤地坝,小水库,引洪漫地等措施,用上拦、中蓄、下淤的办法来节节控制,分段拦蓄,做到基本控制水土流失。
A small catchment is a water catchment unit, but also a flood, sediment convergence area. This confluence process is the entire process of soil erosion in the basin. Gully is the channel of sediment transport runoff, due to slope runoff to enhance the gully erosion, gully erosion But also affect the stability of the slope, so gully management is the main component of comprehensive management of small watershed. In front of a variety of slope conservation measures for soil and water conservation, so that runoff through engineering and forest and grass measures can be stopped on the spot, try not to flow into the channel, such as slope runoff has not yet fully controlled, together with the ravine itself catchment scour , We must take measures such as guarding the valley, reservoirs, reservoirs, small reservoirs and introducing floods and floods. We should take control measures such as blocking, storing and silting in stages and intercept them in stages so as to basically control soil and water Lost