论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解宁波市江东区5岁以下儿童死亡率、主要死亡原因的变化趋势并提出干预措施。方法:对2003-2011年江东区5岁以下儿童死亡资料进行分析。结果:9年来,江东区5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐渐下降趋势,2003年5岁以下儿童死亡率为9.92‰,2011年5岁以下儿童死亡率为2.84‰;婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的87.34%,新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的66.67%。出生窒息、先天异常、意外、早产低体重、其它新生儿疾病为前五位的死亡原因。结论:降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键是降低新生儿和婴儿的死亡率。加强孕前保健咨询、优生知识的宣传、普及产前筛查,是减少畸形儿出生的重要措施。加强孕前、孕期、围产期保健,并在接生过程中要预防产伤,提高产科质量和新生儿窒息复苏能力,提高新生儿访视质量。同时加强活产儿童的生命监测和管理,是降低婴儿死亡率的关键。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the trend of mortality and the main causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Jiangdong District of Ningbo City and to propose intervention measures. Methods: The death data of children under 5 years of age in Jiangdong District from 2003 to 2011 were analyzed. Results: In the past 9 years, the death rate of children under 5 in Jiangdong district showed a gradual downward trend. The death rate of children under 5 years old in 2003 was 9.92 ‰, while that of children under 5 years old in 2011 was 2.84 ‰. Infant deaths accounted for less than 5 years of age Of the 87.34%, neonatal deaths accounted for 66.67% of infant deaths. Birth asphyxia, congenital anomalies, accidents, premature birth and low birth weight, other neonatal diseases are the top five causes of death. Conclusion: The key to reducing the under-five mortality rate is to reduce neonatal and infant mortality. Strengthening pre-pregnancy health counseling, prenatal knowledge of publicity, prenatal screening universal, is to reduce the birth of deformed children an important measure. Strengthen pregnancy, pregnancy, perinatal care, and in the delivery process to prevent birth trauma, improve obstetric quality and neonatal asphyxia recovery, improve neonatal visit quality. At the same time, enhancing the monitoring and management of life-giving children’s lives is the key to reducing the infant mortality rate.