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目的:通过对浙江省江山市农村地区学龄前儿童家长进行传染病防治知识健康宣教,探讨如何改善家长照顾学龄前儿童的生活卫生习惯和提高儿童家长常见传染病防治知识的知晓率。方法:对所有农村儿童家长进行连续6周的儿童健康生活习惯及常见传染病知识宣教,对实施传染病健康宣教前后农村儿童家长进行儿童健康生活习惯及常见传染病防治知识知晓情况调查和比较。结果:农村地区儿童家长实施传染病宣教后,儿童饭前和便后要洗手、不给儿童吃生冷食物、儿童和大人的洗漱用具要分开、不给儿童喝生水、儿童居住地方要保持经常通风、儿童的被褥要经常晾晒、儿童按时疫苗预防接种和加强儿童平时的个人卫生等方面做到的人数较实施宣教前明显增加,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);农村地区儿童家长实施传染病宣教后,在病毒性肝炎、乙脑、手足口病、细菌性痢疾和流行性腮腺炎等传染病的传播主要途径、主要发病症状和主要预防手段方面,知晓的人数较实施宣教前明显增加,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过对浙江省江山市农村地区学龄前儿童家长进行传染病防治知识健康宣教,家长照顾学龄前儿童的生活卫生习惯明显改善,儿童家长常见的传染病防治知识知晓率明显提高。
OBJECTIVE: To probe into how to improve the parents’ health care habits of preschool-aged children and how to raise the awareness of prevention and control of common infectious diseases among parents of preschool children in rural areas in Jiangshan, Zhejiang Province. Methods: All rural children were educated for 6 weeks of healthy living habits and common knowledge of infectious diseases, and investigated and compared the knowledge of children’s healthy living habits and prevention and treatment of common infectious diseases before and after the implementation of Infectious Disease Health Education. Results: After the implementation of the infectious disease missionary program for children in rural areas, children should wash their hands before meals and afterwards. Children should not eat raw and cold food. Children and adults should be separated from their children’s toiletries. Children should not be allowed to drink raw water. (P <0.05). The number of parents in rural areas was also significantly higher than that before the implementation of the pre-mission education (P <0.05) After the implementation of the missionary program on infectious diseases, the number of people who knew more about the main routes of transmission of infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis, Japanese encephalitis, hand-foot-mouth disease, bacillary dysentery and mumps, and the main symptoms and major preventive measures, Significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Through the health education of parents of preschool children in rural areas of Jiangshan in Zhejiang Province, the health habits of preschool-aged children are significantly improved, and the awareness rate of common knowledge of prevention and control of infectious diseases of children’s parents is obviously improved.