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目的了解河南省2013年城乡入托入学儿童预防接种证查验工作的开展情况,为完善预防接种证查验制度和监督体系及加强学校传染病防控提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,从河南省4个城区各抽取小学及托幼机构12所,4个县区各抽取县城、乡镇和农村的小学及托幼机构12所,对2013年预防接种证查验工作进行调查。结果全省192所小学及托幼机构中,2013年应查验人数35 934人,实际查验25 307人,查验率为70.4%,持证率为73.0%,实际补证人数608人,补证率为8.9%。脊灰(OPV)、白破(DT)、甲肝(HAV)和流脑(EMV)的补种率高于85%,其余疫苗的补种率较低。农村教育机构接种证查验率高于城市教育机构(χ2=5.167,P<0.05),托幼机构接种证查验率高于小学(χ2=67.755,P<0.05),农村学校及公立学校的预防接种证查验制度建立率高于城区及民办学校(χ2值分别为43.392,5.064,P值均<0.05),正常入托入学儿童接种证查验率高于中途转入儿童(χ2=38.572,P<0.05)。结论河南省预防接种证查验率较低,部分学校预防接种证查验制度还不够完善,需进一步加强特别是民办教育机构的指导和管理。
Objective To understand the implementation of the inspection of vaccination certificates for vaccination of children admitted to urban and rural areas in Henan Province in 2013 and provide scientific basis for improving the examination system and supervision system of vaccination certificates and strengthening the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods By stratified random sampling method, 12 primary schools and nurseries were drawn from 4 districts of Henan Province, and 12 primary schools and kindergartens from county, township and rural areas were drawn from 4 counties. Check the work to investigate. Results Of the 192 primary schools and nurseries in the province, 35,934 persons should be inspected in 2013 and 25,307 persons were actually inspected, with a check-up rate of 70.4%, a certificate of 73.0% and a valid certificate of 608, 8.9%. OPV, DT, HAV and EMV were more than 85%, and the rest of the vaccines had a lower re-inoculation rate. The examination rate of vaccination certificates in rural education institutions was higher than that in urban education institutions (χ2 = 5.167, P <0.05), and the examination rate of vaccination certificates in nursery schools was higher than that of primary schools (χ2 = 67.755, P <0.05). Vaccination in rural schools and public schools The establishment rate of card examination system was higher than that of urban areas and private schools (χ2 = 43.392,5.064, P <0.05). The examination rate of vaccination certificates for children enrolled in normal enrolled schools was higher than that of children enrolled in enrolling children (χ2 = 38.572, P <0.05) . Conclusions The examination rate of vaccination certificates for vaccination in Henan Province is relatively low. The examination system of vaccination certificates for some vaccines in schools is still not perfect. It is necessary to further strengthen the guidance and management of private education institutions in particular.