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利用数量分类和SCo T分子标记两种方法对40个玫瑰自然杂交后代进行分类、遗传多样性研究。数量分类将40个玫瑰自然杂交后代分为5类:第一类包括Z1、Z15等20个样品,主要特征为花色粉色至深粉,重瓣花,花萼不反卷,花梗刺着生均匀;第二类包括Z10、Z17等6个样品,主要特征为花色紫红,单瓣花,花萼反卷,花梗刺分布均匀;第三类包括Z12、Z38等12个样品,主要特征为花色浅粉至粉,重瓣花,花萼不反卷,花梗刺着生位置多为中下部;Z11和Z34分别为第四类和第五类,主要区别特征为花色,分别为浅黄和白色。SCo T分子标记筛选出的20条引物共扩增出426条带,多态性条带379条,多态性比例为88.97%。选用UPMGA法对供试样本进行聚类分析,聚类结果将40个玫瑰自然杂交后代分为5类,与数量分类结果基本一致。数量分类和SCo T分子标记方法对本项研究适宜可行,40个玫瑰自然杂交后代遗传多样性表现丰富,亲本来源的多样性使得玫瑰的分类体系与之前研究结果相比增加了2个类系。本研究为科学利用玫瑰自然杂交后代和培育玫瑰新品种提供理论依据。
Quantitative classification and SCo T molecular markers were used to classify the genetic diversity of 40 rose hybrids. The quantitative classification of the 40 roses natural hybrid progeny are divided into five categories: the first category includes Z1, Z15 and other 20 samples, the main features of the flower color pink to deep pink, double flower, calyx non-rewinding, The second category consisted of 6 samples including Z10 and Z17. The main features were purple, single petal, calyx rewound and prickly streak. The third group included 12 samples such as Z12 and Z38, Powder, double flowers, calyx is not rewound, stalk sting position mostly in the lower part; Z11 and Z34 were the fourth and fifth categories, the main difference is the color, respectively, light yellow and white. A total of 426 bands and 379 polymorphic bands were amplified with 20 primers selected from the SCo T molecular markers. The percentage of polymorphic bands was 88.97%. The UPMGA method was used to cluster the samples. The clustering results were divided into five types of natural hybrids of 40 roses, which were basically consistent with the quantitative classification results. Quantitative classification and SCo T molecular marker methods were feasible and feasible for this study. The genetic diversity of the 40 rose natural hybrids was abundant. The diversity of the parental origins led to the addition of 2 taxa to the rose classification system compared with previous studies. This study provides theoretical basis for the scientific utilization of natural crosses of roses and cultivating new varieties of roses.