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目的分析烟台市发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)流行病学特征,并探讨该病的危险因素,为该市乃至全国SFTS防治工作提供依据。方法对2011年全市SFTS病例进行统计分析,并选取30例病例以1∶3比例开展病例对照研究,进行SFTS的危险因素调查,应用χ2检验进行分析。结果 2011年烟台市SFTS发病以夏秋季为主,职业分布以农民为主;与病例1∶3匹配研究的结果表明,病例组与对照组中犬类饲养方式差异有统计学意义,病例组山坡田地中进行作业的比例明显高于对照组,120名调查对象中仅7名采取了一定形式的防护措施,职业、工作和生活所处环境以及与动物的接触等可能是该病的危险因素。结论在SFTS病例诊断中,应将患者工作环境、职业及动物接触等作为参考依据,重点加强居民职业防护意识。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Yantai City and to explore the risk factors for this disease and provide the basis for the prevention and control of SFTS in this city and the whole country. Methods Statistical analysis of SFTS cases in the city in 2011 was conducted. 30 cases were selected to carry out a case-control study in a ratio of 1: 3. Risk factors of SFTS were investigated and analyzed by χ2 test. Results The incidence of SFTS in Yantai City in 2011 was mainly in summer and autumn with the main occupational distribution being peasants. The results of 1: 3 match study showed that there were significant differences in the ways of keeping dogs in case and control groups, The proportion of field work was significantly higher than that of the control group. Only 7 out of 120 respondents took some form of protective measures. Occupation, work and living environment as well as contact with animals may be the risk factors for this disease. Conclusion In the diagnosis of SFTS cases, the working environment of patients, occupational and animal contact should be taken as a reference basis, focusing on strengthening residents’ occupational protection awareness.