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[目的]探讨影响职业健康检查前期资料质量的各个因素,并提出相应的质量控制策略。[方法]收集2014—2015年广州市203家欲开展职业健康检查的用人单位初次提供的前期资料中存在的各种问题,对其成因进行归纳分析,结合经验探讨质控策略。[结果]作为关键资料,劳动者职业接触史完整提供率最低,填报时出错种类最多、不规范填报率高,其中受检者总工龄和接触职业病危害因素工龄混淆的厂企达34.41%。接触职业病危害类型及人数在用人单位基本情况填报中不符合率最高。小型企业提供的职业病危害因素检测情况资料情况较差。[结论]用人单位职业卫生管理水平偏低、相关职业卫生档案资料欠缺和目前职业健康检查机构行业内前期资料填报要求尚未形成统一标准等因素是使前期资料质量降低的主要原因。用人单位需和职业健康检查服务机构合作,从技术、管理、宣教等多方面对填报质量进行控制。
[Objective] To explore the various factors affecting the quality of early-stage occupational health examination data and to put forward corresponding quality control strategies. [Methods] Various problems in the preliminary data provided by employers in 203 homes in Guangzhou City for 2014-2015 were collected, and their causes were summarized and analyzed, and the quality control strategies were explored based on the experience. [Results] As the key data, the occupational exposure history of laborers was the lowest, with the highest number of mistakes in filing, and the non-standard filing rate. Among them, 34.41% of them were confused with the total length of service and the length of occupational exposure to occupational hazards. Occupational hazards and types of exposure to the number of the employer in the basic conditions reported in the highest rate of non-compliance. Information on the detection of occupational hazards provided by small enterprises is poor. [Conclusion] The main reason that the employer’s occupational health management level is low, the lack of relevant occupational health records data and the fact that there is no uniform standard for the filing requirements of the pre-period data in the occupational health inspection institution is the main reason for the decrease of the quality of the earlier period data. The employer needs to cooperate with the occupational health examination service agency to control the quality of the report filing from the aspects of technology, management and mission education.