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Objective: To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of peripheral lung cancer using multi-slice CT (MSCT) perfusion imaging and the relationship with microvessel density (MVD).Methods: 38 patients with pulmonary masses proved by pathology including 25 cases of peripheral lung cancer and 13 cases of benign masses were studied prospectively with GE Lightspeed Qx/I plus 16-slice helical CT perfusion imaging,and 25 patients with lung cancer were comparative studied with its MVD calculated using LSAB.With the CT perfusion 2-body tumor software,the parameters of CT perfusion including blood value (BV),blood flow (BF),mean transit time (MTT) and permeability surface (PS) were analyzed.Results: The four parameter values in lung cancer were all higher than that in pulmonary benign masses,and there were significant differences among BV,MTT and PS (P＜0.05),especially in BV (P＜0.01).The MVD value of lung cancer was higher than that of pulmonary benign masses (P＜0.05),and the MVD of adenocarcinoma was higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma (P＜0.05).In 25 cases with lung cancer,there was positive correlation only between BV and MVD value (r=0.852,P＜0.01).Conclusion: It is helpful to diagnose the peripheral lung cancer with MSCT perfusion imaging and to differentiate from pulmonary benign masses,its bases are MVD pathologically.